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“Maybe a large number of people have complaints, but complaints are worth quite small. Maybe they lost $ 25 each? A company could earn a lot of money by collecting a lot, a lot of $ 25, “she says. “But individually, go to court for $ 25? Forget it.” Thus, collective remedies.
According to Hensler, collective appeals in one form or another are part of American law for centuries. A dispute in 1820 on the succession of a deceased general, West c. Randall, is widely considered the first, however Brown c. Board of Education,, Who ended legal segregation in 1954, is probably the best known example. It considers that their prevalence is a function of an American judicial system which has fewer obstacles to entry than many others, including much lower legal deposit, the option for lawyers to advertise and the legal representation of the contingency (which is largely regulated or downright prohibited in many other countries).
“When you have a system that is so oriented towards the law, and you have a lot of lawyers and you have a way for people to find lawyers, even if they do not have much money, you have a way for lawyers to make money by taking people,” said Hensler. “Then, when a problem arises – like Facebook’s confidentiality – there are lawyers who say” it’s interesting, maybe I could make a collective appeal “.”
Because the precedent legal is so complex, Hensler says that there are many laws on books allowing all collective appeals for everything, violations of privacy above all the wave of recent collective appeals with large political implications, as JGG c. TrumpWhen a judge ordered the expulsion flights for Venezuelan men, an order from the Trump administration ignored.
“Current cases are on behalf of people who claim to have been illegally treated by the Trump administration,” said Hensler. “They try to ask the courts to say” stop doing this “, not just for a person, but for all people like them.”
Aside from their use in recent immigration cases, collective appeals as legal tools are in fact a little difficult. The law of equity collective appeals, signed by the Bush administration in 2005, has facilitated the defendants to transfer their affairs to the Federal Court of the State level, a decision which ultimately made collective appeals more difficult to certify, slower to resolve and more expensive to continue.
Instead, complainants’ lawyers turned to mass crimes, mass demand disputes and multidistric disputes – approaches that involve the coordination of a large number of individual complaints, rather than trying to certify a single class. At the pre-internet time, merging that many applicants would be Sisypheans; In 2025, it was almost smooth navigation.
“The underlying question is that modern society produces massive injuries, mass complaints, mass masses,” explains Hensler. “We have done a very good job in this country to try to carry out procedures to deal with this phenomenon of” mass demand ” – better work than almost all other countries in the world – but we have not yet understood it.”
Something that should not be difficult to understand is that, whatever the particular legal path, the class or mass action notifications will simply continue to come – so people like Phelps and I will continue to scan social media and check our spam files. Maybe in a few more years, I will receive a notification over forty dollars. And until then, I will continue to scroll, deposit and collect quietly, because if the companies can take advantage of our data, habits and errors, the least we can do is pay when you drink.
It is not justice, exactly – just the version we have left in a system where responsibility is slow, imperfect and monetized. But until something better happens, I don’t leave free money on the table. You shouldn’t have either.